Traumatic brain injuries can vary in severity, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Even seemingly minor head injuries can have major consequences.
Recognizing the symptoms of TBIs is necessary for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Mild TBI symptoms
Symptoms of a mild TBI, also known as a concussion, may include headache, confusion, dizziness and brief loss of consciousness. Other signs can include nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light or noise and changes in mood or behavior. Symptoms of a mild TBI are often temporary and may resolve within days to weeks. However, it is important to monitor those with mild TBIs to detect any persistent or worsening symptoms.
Moderate TBI symptoms
Moderate TBIs involve more significant brain trauma and may result in prolonged unconsciousness, lasting from several minutes to hours. Symptoms can include persistent headaches, repeated vomiting, seizures and difficulty waking up from sleep. People with moderate TBIs may also experience confusion, slurred speech, numbness or weakness in extremities and behavioral changes. These symptoms may require immediate medical attention. They can also have long-term effects on cognitive function and quality of life.
Severe TBI symptoms
Severe TBIs involve a prolonged loss of consciousness, often lasting for days, weeks or even longer. Symptoms may include profound confusion, coma, seizures and paralysis. People with severe TBIs may exhibit significant cognitive impairments. They may also experience memory loss and difficulties with speech or language. Physical symptoms can also include dilated pupils, clear fluid drainage from the nose or ears and weakness or numbness in limbs. Prompt medical intervention is important for managing severe TBIs and minimizing complications.
Whether caused by a fall, sports injury, car accident or something else, TBIs can have lasting effects on physical and cognitive function. Recognizing different types of TBIs helps people advocate for themselves or their loved ones after an accident.